Ultra-marathoners are older and have a larger weekly training volume, but run more slowly during training compared to marathoners. Female ultra-marathoners account for ~20% of the total number of finishers. A typical ultra-marathoner is male, married, well-educated, and ~45 years old. The number of ultra-marathon races and the number of official finishers considerably increased in the last decades especially due to the increased number of female and age-group runners. In this overview, we summarize the findings of the literature with regards to physiology and pathophysiology of ultra-marathon running. 2Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Nikaia, Greece.1Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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